Numerical methodology for evaluation the combustion and emissions characteristics on WLTP in the light duty dual-fuel diesel vehicle

The worldwide aim of reducing environmental impact from internal combustion engines bring more and stringent emission regulations. In 2017 by EU has been adopted new harmonized test procedure called WLTP. general terms this was designed for determining the levels harmful emissions fuel consumption traditional hybrid cars. This contains specific driving scenarios which representing real-life patterns. Test cycles contain vehicle velocity versus time profiles directly in powertrain analysis on benches cannot be used. order to back calculate drive engine rpm torque a simple longitudinal dynamics method used paper. Moreover, determine most representative operation points duing WLTP density based grid clustering implemented. experimental part study focuses comparative evaluation effect various diesel LPG substitution ratios (0% LPG, 10% 20% 30% LPG) characteristics dual-fuel engine.